Weld Bench · interactive weldability demo

Strike an arc. Read the joint.

Two benches built on published welding formulas: a moving heat source that leaves a heat-affected zone on the plate, and a Schaeffler diagram for stainless and dissimilar joints. Every number updates as you change the procedure.

Illustrative. Not a welding procedure or engineering advice.

Bench 1

Bead and heat-affected zone

Carbon and low-alloy steel butt joint. The plate keeps the color of the hottest temperature each point reached.

A · 4140 (front)B · A36 (back)
drag to orbit · scroll to zoom
Fusion zone ≥ 1500 °C Coarse-grain HAZ 1100–1500 °C Fine-grain HAZ Ac3–1100 °C Intercritical Ac1–Ac3 Tempered 500 °C–Ac1

Macro section, looking along the weld. Rings are peak-temperature isotherms from the thick-plate Rosenthal solution: side A on the left, side B on the right.

Heat input, arc
Heat input, net
Cooling time t8/5
Fusion zone width
HAZ width to Ac1
AB
Bench 2

Schaeffler diagram

Pick two base metals and a filler. The weld metal lands on the line between the filler and the melted base metal, as far from the filler as the dilution.

Weld metal Cr / Ni
Creq = Cr + Mo + 1.5Si + 0.5Nb
Nieq = Ni + 30C + 0.5Mn
Phases
Ferrite, approx.